什么是交换机的光口与电口？光纤常用8种接口与5种连接器
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有一些朋友留言问到关于光纤的接口有哪些?如何使用？本期我们一起来详细了解这方面的内容。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(219, 55, 52); font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">一、光口与电口的区别
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px; background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">1、什么是光口？portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">光口是光纤接口的简称。光纤接口是用来连接光纤线缆的物理接口。其原理是利用了光从光密介质进入光疏介质从而发生了全反射。通常有SC、ST、FC等几种类型，应用于机房，机柜等大型设备的一个光纤带宽接口。
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portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(217, 33, 66);">portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">光纤的主要portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">要模块类型有这些:
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portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">提到光口，就不能不提到GBIC与SFP，SFP是什么呢？SFP就是光模块。
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portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">GBIC，portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">是将千兆位电信号转换为光信号的接口器件。GBIC设计上可以为热插拔使用。GBIC是一种符合国际标准的可互换产品。采用GBIC接口设计的千兆位交换机由于互换灵活，在市场上占有较大的市场份额。SFP可以简单的理解为GBIC的升级版本。
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portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; text-indent: 34px;">SFP支持SONET、Gigabit Ethernet、光纤通道以及一些其他通信标准。此标准扩展到了SFP+，能支持10.0 Gbit/s传输速率，包括8 gigabit光纤通道和10GbE。与模块的Xenpak、X2或XFP版本相比，SFP+模块将部分电路留在主板实现，而非模块内实现。
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portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; text-indent: 34px;">SFP+portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; text-indent: 34px;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; text-indent: 34px;">SFP+是光纤模块，是一种可热插拔的，独立于通信协议的光学收发器，是SFP的升级。在以太网和1G、2G、4G光纤通道上SFP已经得到了广泛应用。SFP+为了适应更高的数据速率，设计了比SFP增强的电磁屏蔽与信号保护特性，并且制定了新的电接口规范。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; text-indent: 34px;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; text-indent: 34px; background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">二、什么是电口？
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; text-indent: 34px;">电口是相对光口来讲的，是指防火器的物理特性，主要指铜缆，是处理的电信号。目前使用普遍的网络接口有百兆电口和千兆电口等。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; text-indent: 34px;">简单来说，电口就是普通的网线接口，一般速率为10M或者100M,部分支持1000M.电口的最远距离为100米。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; text-indent: 34px; background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">三、光口和电口的区别
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; text-indent: 34px;">1、是纯物理层上的传输介质变换，其实就是光信号和电信号的转换。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; text-indent: 34px;">2、光口就是我们通常说的带光板扩展槽的可以插入光纤，进行远距离数据传输；portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">电口就是我们常说的RJ45的端口也就是网线口。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; text-indent: 34px;">3、155Mb/s以下都是电接口，155Mb/s以上都是光接口；155Mb/s可以是电接口，也可以是光接口；局内连接可以是电接口，也可以是光接口；局间连接都是光传输；电信号用同轴电缆连接。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">举例：如下图：
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">这是一个24口接入交换机，24个千兆电口+4个千兆光口。（不要以为24口交换机就只有24个接口，而是指下行连接用户的接口有24个）。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">要使用光接口首先需要安装光模块。目前大部分场景使用的均为双线光模块和双线光纤，部分场景（如平安城市）可能使用单芯光模块和单芯光纤跳线。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(219, 55, 52); font-size: 15px;">二、常用的8种光纤接口
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; text-indent: 34px;">现在局域网工程中主*分的布线大量采用光纤，光纤的特性使光纤接口的连接复杂而专业。由于光纤设备的接口类型较多，也使我们在选择时不知所措，下面就来介绍一下各种常见的光纤接口。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">光纤连接器按连接头的结构形式可分为：FC、SC、ST、LC、D4、DIN、MU、MT-R等类型，常用的为FC、SC、ST和LC。下面分别介绍下这几种常用的接口。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(217, 33, 66);">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">FC接口：portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">全名叫Ferrule Connector，最早应用于存储局域网络。外壳材质为金属，接口处有螺纹，和光模块连接时可以固定的很好，(配线架上用的最多)。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(217, 33, 66);">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">ST接口：portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">卡接式圆型，材质为金属，接口处为卡扣式，常用于光纤配线架。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(217, 33, 66);">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">SC接口：portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">卡接式方型，材质为塑料，推拉式连接，接口可以卡在光模块上(路由器交换机上用的最多)。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(217, 33, 66);">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">PC接口：portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">微球面研磨抛光
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px; color: rgb(217, 33, 66);">LC接口：portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">材质为塑料，用于连接SFP光模块，接口可以卡在光模块上。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(217, 33, 66);">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">APC接口：portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">呈8度角并做微球面研磨抛光。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(217, 33, 66);">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">MT-RJ接口：portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">方型,一头双纤收发一体( 华为8850上有用)
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(217, 33, 66);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(217, 33, 66);">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">SFP接口：portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">小型封装GBIC,使用的光纤为LC型
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(219, 55, 52);">三、五种光纤连接器
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">1、FC型光纤连接器
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">外部加强方式是采用金属套，紧固方式为螺丝扣。一般在ODF侧采用，配线架上用的最多。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">2、SC型光纤连接器
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">连接GBIC光模块或portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px; color: rgb(217, 33, 66);">普通光纤收发器的连接器portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">，它的外壳呈矩形，紧固方式是采用插拔销扳式，不须旋转，路由器交换机上用的最多。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">3、ST型光纤连接器
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">常用于光纤配线架，外壳呈圆形，紧固方式为螺丝扣。对于10base-F连接来说，连接器通常是ST类型，常用于光纤配线架。
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portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">4、LC型光纤连接器
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">连接SFP模块的连接器，它采用操作方便的模块化插孔(RJ)连锁机理制成。（路由器常用）
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">5、MU型连接器portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">该连接器采用1.25mm直径的套管和自保持机构，其优势在于能实现高密度安装。利用MU的l.25mm直径的套管，NTT已经开发了MU连接器系列。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">它们有用于光缆连接的插座型连接器(MU-A系列)；具有自保持机构的底板连接器(MU-B系列)以及用于连接LD／PD模块与插头的简化插座(MU-SR系列)等。随着光纤网络向更大带宽更大容量方向的迅速发展和DWDM技术的广泛应用，对MU型连接器的需求也将迅速增长。
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portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(217, 33, 66);">portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">最后弱电君补充：
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">1、相比之下，光纤会复杂得多。光纤交换机光口不同速率接口类型是不一样的，比如前面介绍的SFP（千兆光接口）、SFP+（万兆光接口），项目中也会遇到QSFP+（40G光接口）。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">2、要使用交换机上万兆光口，需要插上SFP+万兆光模块，万兆双芯光模块（双芯最常用，一收一发）会有两个LC接口。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 34px;">3、如果是两台交换机相联，即需要LC-LC光纤跳线，如果交换机和配线架相联，则看配线架类型，若对端是FC配线架，需要跳线是LC-FC跳线。
标签：什么是光纤连接器电口与光口