一个C类的ip段中,有多少个可用的ip地址?192.168.0.1/24是什么意思?
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: left; text-indent: 34px; background-color: rgb(255, 251, 0);">一、ip段/数字-如192.168.0.1/24是什么意思?
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: left; text-indent: 34px; background-color: rgb(255, 251, 0);">
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">后面这个24表示了我们的网络号的位数,也就是子网掩码中前位为1。
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">192.168.1.1 /24 这个24就是告诉我们网络号是24位。
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">也就相当于告诉我们了。
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">子网掩码是:11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">即:255.255.255.0
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">又例如:
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">172.16.10.33/27 中的/27
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">也就是说子网掩码是255.255.255.224 即27个全1
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">11111111 11111111 11111111 11100000
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">即子网掩码是:255.255.255.224
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: left; text-indent: 34px; background-color: rgb(255, 251, 0);">二、一个C类的ip段中,有多少个可用的ip地址?
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">C类的ip地址在实际项目中是用的最多的,任何一个C类地址都能容纳下254台主机,为什么只有254呢,不是256呢?
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">例如:
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">192.168.1.0-192.168.1.255,子网掩码为24位,从0-255总共有256个ip地址,其中其中0是网络ID(网段),255是广播地址,可用的ip地址只有:portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">192.168.1.1-192.168.1.254
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">也就是:portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">192.160.1.0是网络地址,192.168.1.255是广播地址,他们不能用于分配。
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">那么你可能会有疑问?网络id与广播地址有什么用途呢?
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">网络地址:portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">是识别网络ID用的,告诉你ip地址的网段。
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">广播地址的作用:portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">是专门用于同时向网络中所有工作站进行发送的一个地址,不能被路由转发。
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portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: left; text-indent: 34px; background-color: rgb(255, 251, 0);">三、什么是公网ip?portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: left; text-indent: 34px; background-color: rgb(255, 251, 0);">什么是内网ip?portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: left; text-indent: 34px; background-color: rgb(255, 251, 0);">为什么ip地址通常以192.168开头?
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">我们平台在内部组网时用的比较多,比如监控项目与公司内部电脑ip设置,用的多的就是192.168.xx。
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">为什么使用这个?
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">不要朋友多次问到弱电行业网,网络中的主机需要通信,需要使用一个IP地址。portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">在IPv4地址中预留了3个IP地址段,作为私有地址,供家庭、企业、学校等内部组网使用。
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">私网地址
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">除了这三个ip地址段为私有ip地址外,其它的都为公网ip。portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">这些地址已被声明私有化,任何内网中的设备可以任意使用这些地址,但是在这三个范围内的IP地址不允许出现在Internet(外网)上。portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">所以我们平时在做监控项目或内部组网时,就可以把ip地址设为192.168.x.x。
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">通常情况下,按照需要容纳的主机数选择私有地址段。家庭网络规模比较小,一个C类地址,192.168.1.x可以容纳254个终端,足够使用。
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: left; text-indent: 34px; background-color: rgb(255, 251, 0);">四、如何用私网地址访问公网?
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">我们知道,ipv4地址是有限的,作为普通用户,很少拥有公网ip地址,私网地址是不能出现在互联网上的。那么私网地址如何访问互联网呢?这就需要用到NAT地址转换,将内网地址映射到外网地址。
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">而portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">NAT地址转换portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">它实现内网的IP地址与公网的地址之间的相互转换,将大量的内网IP地址转换为一个或少量的公网IP地址,减少对公网IP地址的占用。
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">一般普遍使用端口映射的方式,NAT的核心是一张映射表(源IP地址,源端口,目的IP地址,目的端口),将内网源IP地址和端口映射到同一个公网地址的不同端口,如下图所示。
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">端口映射可以在路由器中设置,在这个远程网络或远程监控项目中是有应用的。
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: left; text-indent: 34px; background-color: rgb(255, 251, 0);">五、交换机如何连接,进入配置界面?
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(84, 84, 84); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; text-indent: 30px;">这是个基础的问题,很多朋友交换机拿到后,不知道该怎么操作?
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(84, 84, 84); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; text-indent: 30px;">在了解交换机配置之前,需要对交换机进行登陆与连接。
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(84, 84, 84); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; text-indent: 30px;">
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 微软雅黑, 宋体, 黑体, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; text-align: left; text-indent: 30px; color: rgb(217, 33, 66);">其实这个过程有两个步骤:
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(84, 84, 84); font-family: 微软雅黑, 宋体, 黑体, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; text-align: left; text-indent: 30px;">第一步就是用线连接交换机与pc。
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(84, 84, 84); font-family: 微软雅黑, 宋体, 黑体, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; text-align: left; text-indent: 30px;">第二步就是用超级终端软件登陆。
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(84, 84, 84); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; text-indent: 30px;">1、准备好Console通信线缆连接交换机与pc。
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(84, 84, 84); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; text-indent: 30px;">如果你的PC是笔记本或者没有串口的电脑,那么就需要准备USB转串口的转接线,并按照说明书安装相关的驱动。
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(84, 84, 84); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; text-indent: 30px;">通过Console口连接设备
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(84, 84, 84); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; text-indent: 30px;">2、用PC终端仿真软件登陆交换机
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(84, 84, 84); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; text-indent: 30px;">目前用的多的就两款,secureCRT,xshell使用用户都很多,前面的文章我们介绍过了,这次就不多说了。
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(84, 84, 84); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; text-indent: 30px;">这里弱电行业网就以portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; text-indent: 30px; color: rgb(217, 33, 66);">secureCRTportant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(84, 84, 84); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; text-indent: 30px;">远程终端为例,在pc电脑上安装好SecureCRT,然后进行创建新的连接。
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(84, 84, 84); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; text-indent: 30px;">点击连接后,会提示用户输入用户名和密码。各牌子交换机的初始密码不一样,输入进去就行了,就会进入配置界面了。
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(84, 84, 84); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; text-indent: 30px;">
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(84, 84, 84); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; text-indent: 30px; background-color: rgb(255, 251, 0);">六、同一vlan间的通信与不同vlan间的通信需要什么条件?portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(84, 84, 84); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; text-indent: 30px; background-color: rgb(255, 251, 0);">
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(84, 84, 84); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; text-indent: 30px;">1、同一个vlan的两台主机通信portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(84, 84, 84); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; text-indent: 30px;">
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(84, 84, 84); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; text-indent: 30px;">同一个vlan间的两台主机通信可以不需要路由器,用二层交换机可以完成。
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(84, 84, 84); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; text-indent: 30px;">同一个vlan中,A与B,这一过程完全可以在二层交换机进行,不需要路由器的参与。
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(84, 84, 84); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; text-indent: 30px;">2、不同vlan间的两台主机通信portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(84, 84, 84); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; text-indent: 30px;">
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(84, 84, 84); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; text-indent: 30px;">不同vlan间的两台主机通信是需要有路由功能。
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">所portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">以我们在项目中,如果涉及到不同vlan间的通信,是需要有三层交换机,或者单臂路由。
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portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">7、无线ap与无线路由器的区别portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(84, 84, 84);">portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px;">很多朋友对他们的分不清,感觉用途都差不多。portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(84, 84, 84);">portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px;">inkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">无线路由器其实就是无线AP+路由功能,portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">无线路由器也相当于是AP、路由功能和交换机的集合体,inkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; color: rgb(84, 84, 84); text-indent: 0em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">现在很多的无线路由器都拥有AP功能。portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(84, 84, 84);">inkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">无线AP:portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(84, 84, 84);">inkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">我们称之为“无线访问节点”,inkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">AP的一个重要的功能就是中继,所谓中继就是在两个无线点间把无线信号放大一次,使得远端的客户端可以接受到更强的无线信号。portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(84, 84, 84);">inkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">inkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">inkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">这里弱电行业网发个组网,大家就知道ap的应用了。
portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(84, 84, 84);">inkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">inkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">inkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; color: rgb(217, 33, 66); box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">无线AP不能与ADSLMODE相连,要用一个交换机或是集线器或者路由器做为中介。inkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">而无线路由器带有宽带拨号功能,可以直接和ADSLMODEM相连拨号上网,实现无线覆盖,portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">ap不具备处理数据的功能,只是把网络扩展,portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">所有任务全部由主路由来完成。
标签:网络技术