从这五个问题，来彻底了解ip地址的计算

第一关

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 251, 0);">portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: left; text-indent: 34px;">已知一个ip地址是192.168.1.1，子网掩码是255.255.255.0，那么它的网络地址是多少？

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">在了解这个问题之前，我们先需要了解下，什么是网络地址？

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">ipP地址是由两部分组成：网络地址+主机地址。

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">网络地址可以确定ip地址的范围，ip地址其实跟身份证号比较像。

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(217, 33, 66);">portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">一个人身份证：portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">共18位：

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">前6位表示的是省、市、县区；

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">7到14位表示是出生年月，

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">15、16位表示是派出所。

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">第17位是性别。

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">而网络号就是相当于身份证的省、市、县区。

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">那么如何来算出网络地址呢？

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">详细计算

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">将ip地址192.168.1.1转换为二进制

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">11000000.10101000.00000001.00000001portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">将子网掩码255.255.255.0转换成二进制

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">然后将两者相“与（and）"运算：

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">inkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">11000000.inkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">10101000.inkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">00000001.inkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">00000001portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">然后得到：

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">inkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">11000000.10101000.00000001.00000000

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">转换成网络地址就是：192.168.1.0

第二关

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: left; text-indent: 34px; background-color: rgb(255, 251, 0);">已知某主机的ip地址是192.168.100.200，子网掩码为255.255.255.192，其网络内可用的ip地址个数为多少？

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">详细计算

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">将子网掩码255.255.255.192转换为二进制

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px;">11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px;">子网掩码共有26位，还有6位可用。

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px;">即2的6次方减去2，等于62，即有62个ip地址可用。

第三关

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 251, 0);">portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: left; text-indent: 34px;">某公司申请到一个C 类IP 地址，只连接6 个子公司，最大的一个子公司有26 台计算机，每个子公司都分配在同一个网段，则子网掩码应设为多少合适？

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">首先一个C类的子网掩码为255.255.255.0，这个是最原始。portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">但现在我们是有要求：

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1、连接6个子网

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2、且最大一个子网的ip地址为26个。

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">如何来设置这个子网掩码呢？portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">详细计算

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 15px;">首先来portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 15px;">分portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 15px;">析2的2次方portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 15px;">等于4，2的3portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 15px;">次方等portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 15px;">于portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 15px;">8，

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px;">portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; letter-spacing: 0.544px;">子网掩码255.portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; letter-spacing: 0.544px;">255.255.portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; letter-spacing: 0.544px;">224转化为二进制为：

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(217, 33, 66);">11111111.11111111.11111111.111portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px;">00000

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px;">portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; letter-spacing: 0.544px;">portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; letter-spacing: 0.544px;">子网掩码为27位，那么主机位数为5位。

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px;">portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; letter-spacing: 0.544px;">portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; letter-spacing: 0.544px;">即可容纳的主机数为2的5次方减2，等于30。

portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px;">portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; letter-spacing: 0.544px;">portant; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; letter-spacing: 0.544px;">完全符合一个子网内容纳26个ip地址。